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Islamic calendar or the Hijri calendar is a lunar calendar having twelve lunar months in a year, the beginnings and endings of which are determined by the sighting of the crescent moon (new moon).
This system of determining the month is based on the holy Quran :
- They ask you (O Muhammad) concerning the New Moons. Say: They are but signs to mark fixed periods of time in (the affairs of) men and for pilgrimage ... (Sura Al Baqarah 2:189)
- The number of months in the sight of Allah is twelve (in a year) - so ordained by Him the day He created the heavens and the earth..... (Sura at-Tawba 9:36)
- It is He Who made the sun to be a shining glory, and the moon to be a light of beauty, and measured out stages for it, that you might know the number of years and the count of time. Allah did not create this except in truth and righteousness. And He explains His signs in detail, for those who understand. (Sura Yunus 10:5)
The 12 lunar months, lunations, are based on the motion of the moon, completing 354.36 days.(12 x 29.53).Therefore the Islamic calendar is consistently about eleven days shorter than the solar year. Thus events on the Islamic calendar, although celebrated on fixed dates in the Hijri calendar, usually shift eleven days earlier each successive solar year. This means that important occasions, which always fall in the same Hijri month, may occur in different seasons. For example, the Hajj in Dhulhijjah and Fasting in Holy Ramadhan can take place in the summer as well as the winter.
Last day of Dhulhijjah : make Shaytan shriek !!!
Special Prayer for the last day of the month of Dhulhijjah :
On the last day of the year it is reported in the book ‘Iqbal’ to recite two rakat salat in each of which after recitation of Suratul Fatiha once, to recite ten times each the Suratul Ikhlas ( Qul huwallahu ahad ..) and Ayatul Kursi. After the prayer say :
Allahumma maa ‘amiltu fi haadhihis sanah, min ‘amalin nahaytani anhu, wa lam tardhahu, Wa naseetuhu wa lam tansah, wa da’awtani ilat-tawbati ba’adaj tira’yi ‘alaik.
Allahumma fa inni astaghfiruka minhu fagh-firli, wa maa ‘amiltu min ‘amalin yuqarribuni ilayk, faqbalhu minni wa laa taqt’a rajaai minka ya karim.
When this is said, Shaytan shrieks: Alas! All the trouble I took after him has been wasted by these words and testimony, and his year has ended with goodness. ( Reference : Mafatihul Jinan )
Wa ma tawfiqi illa billah
With salaams and duas
Fazle Abbas Datoo
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Resident Alim
Wessex Shia Ithna Asheri Jamaat
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Wessex Shia Ithna Asheri Jamaat. Al Mahdi, Wickham Road, Fareham, Hampshire . PO17 5BU. Reg. Charity Number: 1010076. Tel: 01329 832537. Fax: 02392-529766
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Member of the Council of European Jamaats
Member of Mosques and Imams National Advisory Board
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